Knowledge, attitude and practice of community pharmacy personnel in tuberculosis patient detection: a multicentre cross-sectional study in a high-burden tuberculosis setting.

INTRODUCTION: Control of tuberculosis (TB) is hampered by suboptimal case detection and subsequent delays in treatment, which is worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. The community pharmacy is reported as the place for first aid medication among patients with TB. We, therefore, analysed knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on TB patient detection (TBPD) of community pharmacy personnel, aiming to find innovative strategies to engage community pharmacies in TBPD. METHODS: A multicentre cross-sectional study was performed in four areas of Indonesia's eastern, central and western parts. Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians who worked in community pharmacies were assessed for their characteristics and KAP related to TBPD. Descriptive analysis was used to assess participant characteristics and their KAP, while multivariable regression analyses were used to analyse factors associated with the KAP on TBPD. RESULTS: A total of 1129 participants from 979 pharmacies, comprising pharmacists (56.6%) and pharmacy technicians (43.4%), were included. Most participants knew about TB. However, knowledge related to TB symptoms, populations at risk and medication for TB were still suboptimal. Most participants showed a positive attitude towards TBPD. They believed in their professional role (75.1%), capacity in TB screening (65.4%) and responsibility for TBPD (67.4%). Nevertheless, a lack of TBPD practice was identified in most participants. Several factors significantly associated with performing the TBPD practice (p<0.05), such as TB training experience (p<0.001), provision of a drug consultation service (p<0.001), male gender (p<0.05), a positive attitude towards TBPD (p<0.001), short working hours (p<0.001) and central city location of the pharmacy (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most participants had good knowledge and attitude, which did not translate into actual TBPD practice. We identified that TB educational programmes are essential in improving the KAP. A comprehensive assessment is needed to develop effective strategies to engage the community pharmacy in TBPD activities.

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOR DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE POWER OF ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH IN DIGITAL GENERATION

The digital generation has different experiences, values, attitudes, and preferences that significantly influence their purchase patterns and shopping behavior. They prefer to use internet access for online shopping, which can simplify transaction systems to make purchases. A comment column is provided on shopping platforms so that customers can leave reviews or testimonials from the results of shopping made. A review column is a form of electronic word of mouth (eWOM). The eWOM can also be used as a source of information for other customers to create purchase intention. The high exposure of students to the internet has become a strategy in improving marketing products. This study aimed to examine the relationship between eWOM and online shopping made by university students regarding the determinants of intention. The method used in this study was a cross-sectional study. The population in this study was undergraduate students from one of state university in Indonesia. The sample in this study was 256 students who were selected using clustered and stratified random sampling techniques. The instruments used in this study were e-WOM scale and Intention with Likert scale and in the form of a questionnaire. The analysis used descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. The data were processed using SPSS ver. 25. The result of this study showed that there was a relationship between eWOM and online purchase intention. The result of the regression analysis was that eWOM did not influence intention without the mediating role of the determinant factors. The eWOM should be mediated by an intention formation to create students' intention.